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Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Cyperus

cyperus

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials with short and sometimes slightly thickened rhizomes clothed with brown or reddish brown basal sheaths and their fibrous remnants.

Stems: Culms 15–60(–90) cm tall, 2–6 mm in diameter near base, trigonous, smooth.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. alternate Blades stiff, linear,leaves 3–8 mm wide, as long as or longer than the culm. Margins entire. Sheathing; lower sheaths tinged reddish brown. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers dense in inflorescences, with rays 1–4 cm long, spikelets ellipsoid to oblong–ellipsoid, 6–8–flowered, 3–5.5 mm long, and glumes reddish brown to brown, 2.5–2.8 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Corolla (petals) absent. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Achenes oblong–ellipsoid; trigonous; 1.2–1.5 mm long; 0.5–0.7 mm wide. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Dry ridges ; 'a'a lava; dry forest; subalpine forest; and sometimes mesic forest.

Elevation Range: (60–)250–1,980 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Extirpated
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1418 (O, L, EM, H [as Mariscus hillebrandii subsp. hillebrandii]); Tucker 1994:87/Wagner & Herbst 1999:1900 (Syn. M. h. subsp. hillebrandii = C. h. var. hillebrandii); Imada & Kennedy 2020:75 (Mo); Degener 22179 BISH (L†, 1952)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Maunalei Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 514 Lanai BISH 1930-02-11
2 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii 1 mi S of entrance to National Park Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Hawaii BISH 1954-12-21
3 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kaohai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 290 Lanai BISH 1914-01-01
4 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii SW Haleakala, Puu Ouli Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2142 Maui BISH 1920-04-04
5 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Puuwaawaa Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 12 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-08
6 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Haleakala crater, Kaupo Gap Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1133 Maui BISH 1919-08-14
7 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kau Desert, Kilauea Volcano Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12569 Hawaii BISH 1918-07-01
8 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kanehaha, Kona Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 257 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-25
9 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Halfway House Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 130 Hawaii BISH 1942-11-07
10 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii North Kohala Rd, Acacia Koa Sanctuary Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5287 Hawaii BISH 1984-02-28
11 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East Kona: Auahi Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8711 Maui BISH 1910-11-01
12 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kona: Kanehaka Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 256 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-28
13 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kapapala Corral Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 141 Hawaii BISH 1942-11-07
14 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilauea region: Kipuka Puaulu Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 3255 Hawaii BISH 1938-09-13
15 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kapaakea Ridge, next to FR boundary Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3068 Molokai BISH 1989-08-10
16 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii S Haleakala, Kahua Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21102 Maui BISH 1950-11-24
17 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilauea Volcano Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH
18 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Eastman Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. BISH 1954-12-12
19 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Maui Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. Maui BISH 1913-01-01
20 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilaueaiki Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1929-08-03
21 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Hawaii National Park, Bird Park Preserved_Specimen Morley, H. Hawaii BISH 1935-08-01
22 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Puu Naio Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1697 Maui BISH 1937-01-20
23 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii South Kona, lands of Kapua, makai of main highway below macadamia nut orchards Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 948 Hawaii BISH 1994-03-10
24 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii SW Haleakala, Auwahi Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2101 Maui BISH 1920-03-24
25 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Nohonaohae N erosional concavity, with Bidens menziesii and Dubautia ciliolata Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 3733 Hawaii BISH 1987-12-25
26 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii S. Kohala, Nohonaohae cinder cone On slopes facing Kohala, frequent herb. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 246 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-20
27 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Koolau Range, Wailupe-Niu ridge dry Preserved_Specimen Hemphill, D.V. 31 Oahu BISH 1951-01-28
28 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Located on the Mauna Loa Strip Road about 3.6 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway, into the first section of Kipuka Ki. Plant was about 30 meters into forest at right of road. (plot 39) Acacia - Sapindus - Microlepia forest community Preserved_Specimen Sedge about 1 foot tall. Newell, C.L. 791 Hawaii BISH 1966-09-08
29 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii SW Haleakala, Kanaio rough `a`a lava. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1793 Maui BISH 1920-03-01
30 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii N Kona District: Kaupulehu Preserve, at mile 28 along Hawaii Belt Rd (Mamalahoa Hwy 190), ca. 10 mi E of Kailua-Kona Dry forest over a`a lava flow, w. Diospyros sandwicensis, Santalum paniculatum, Sophora chrysophylla & Colubrina oppositifolia. In full sun, scarce locally. Preserved_Specimen Clump-forming herb growing in fountain grass. Lorence, D.H. 7762 Hawaii BISH 1996-03-07
31 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Volcano House sunny, rocky ledges Preserved_Specimen Clumps 0.33 meters Lee, H.A. 253 Hawaii BISH 1925-10-14
32 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Located on the Mauna Loa Strip Road about 2.2 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 200 meters from parking circle at Kipuka Puaulu. Plant was about 30 meters 20° north of road. (plot 19) Acacia - Sapindus savanna community Preserved_Specimen Sedge about 1 foot tall Newell, C.L. 968 Hawaii BISH 1967-06-23
33 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii 0.7 mi S of jct. of Old Kona Hwy. with Bobcat trail moderately mesic open-canopy shrubland, NW facing slope on weathered pahoehoe with moderate soil layer; Sophora, Dodonaea, Eragrostis Preserved_Specimen herb Douglas, P. 3010 Hawaii BISH 1989-01-13
34 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Maunalei Valley, narrow gulch just SW of Aihualama ridge Aspect: N. Dozens of plants growing on vertical, N facing wall. Dry shrubland: Leucaena, Schinus, Diospyros, Eragrostis variabilis, Wollastonia lavarum, Psilotum, Adiantum, Schidea menziesii, Artemesia australis, Coleus, Pleuchea, Euphorbia, Nephrolepis brownii, Osteomeles, Dodonaea Preserved_Specimen Z. Pezzillo 1282 Lanai BISH 2025-10-17
35 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Manuka Ahupuaa, Manuka Natureal Area Reserve, South Kona District Occuring on 750-1000 year old aa substrate. Growing with Metrosideros polymorpha, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Dodonaea viscosa, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Dicranopteris linearis, Homalanthus populifolius. Preserved_Specimen VanDeMark, J. 52 Hawaii BISH 2021-10-09
36 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilauea, Bird Park aa flow Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 514 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-15
37 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East Maui, Kanaio dry ridge; exotic grasses Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 350 Maui BISH 1982-12-04
38 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Drive up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 3 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway and 0.25 miles before Kipuka Ki; or about 1 mile past Kipuka Puaulu just after first sharp turn in road Metrosideros - native shrub - lichen community on aa lava Preserved_Specimen Sedge about 6 inches tall Newell, C.L. 300 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-04
39 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilauea-Mauna Loa Rd., Keauhou, Puna Acacia koa forest Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 18410 Hawaii BISH 1937-12-19
40 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii along Saddle Road, 51 miles west of Hilo Growing under #931 (Wikstroemia pulcherrima). Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 932 Hawaii BISH 1968-02-18
41 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii W Maui, small ridge south of large unnamed gulch behind Waikapu rock crusher Growing on a windswept grassy slope. Preserved_Specimen Stem strongly 3-angled. Hobdy, R.W. 997 Maui BISH 1981-02-24
42 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii S. Kona District, 19 mi S of Capt. Cook Mesic Metrosideros forest with Schinus terebinthifolius. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5961 Hawaii BISH 1988-03-12
43 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilauea Volcano lava cracks Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1911-04-01
44 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Waehu, lithified sand dunes shade of dense Leucaena Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1267 Maui BISH 1982-02-23
45 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East of Kilauea-Iki `A`a lava. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8463 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-13
46 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii S. Kohala, Puu Holoholoku, 2 mi SE of Kamuela airport rocks over cinder cone; Dodonaea, Osteomales, Chenopodium, Lipochaeta, fountain grass Preserved_Specimen sedge Davis, J. 596 Hawaii BISH 1981-09-10
47 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Puu Holoholoku, near Saddle Rd, South Kohala district Common sedge in Dodonaea-Pennisetum setaceum scrub grassland. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 863 Hawaii BISH 1981-09-10
48 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kaupulehu with fountain grass Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 5809 Hawaii BISH 1989-05-20
49 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Waianae Mts., Kealia trail dry, rocks Preserved_Specimen 30 cm culms; spikelets brown Chock, A.K. 70 Oahu BISH 1950-01-08
50 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East Maui, Makawao, ~0.5 mi below Kula Lodge along Haleakala Hwy. grassy margin of pasture Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5815 Maui BISH 1988-03-05
51 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Wailupe. Southeastern Koolau Mountains. Growing in mesic forest dominated by Psidium cattleinaum. Also growing with Acacia koaia, Sandalum freycinetianum, Metrosideros polymorpha, Alyxia stellata, Canavalia galeata, and Gahnia asplera subsp. globlosa. Preserved_Specimen Thomas, M.K. 578 Oahu BISH 2023-04-21
52 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East Maui, Hana District, Auwahi lava on ridge top Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1733 Maui BISH 1983-01-21
53 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Volcano House sunny, rocky ledges Preserved_Specimen Clumps 0.33 meters Lee, H.A. 253 Hawaii BISH 1925-10-14
54 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Puu Kilea, E slope, above Maunalei Gulch forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 22179 Lanai BISH 1952-03-02
55 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kaupulehu FR, N Kona dry forest, `a`a lava. Preserved_Specimen culms solitary, ascending Fosberg, F.R. 41726 Hawaii BISH 1961-03-24
56 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii N Kona, Kaupulehu, Mamahaloe Hwy. at 12 mi, NE of Kailua with Diospyros sandwicensis, Colubrina, Canthium, Nototrichium, Pennisetum setaceum; aa lava Preserved_Specimen clump; inflorescence brown Lorence, D.H. 5491 Hawaii BISH 1987-08-06
57 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East Maui, Olinda, mauka of Waihou Spring Forest Reserve steep slope; with koa Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2220 Maui BISH 1984-11-17
58 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii East Maui, Hana District, Haleakala, Kaupo trail wet Preserved_Specimen 2' sedge Olson, G.E. 71 Maui BISH 1937-08-23
59 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii South Kona; Pulehua crater center Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10042 Hawaii BISH 1912-01-01
60 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Oahu moist Preserved_Specimen erect herb Wilder, G.P. 267 Oahu BISH 1923-11-15
61 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii North Kona: Hualalai; just S of Kauunuoku Occasional on bare ground in open scrub, on ash. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 41657 Hawaii BISH 1961-03-22
62 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kilauea Volcano In lava cracks Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1911-04-01
63 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Pualii, near waianae summit ridge. Ahupuaa of Honouliuli, southern Waianae mountains. Growing in understory on side of ridge with Doryopteris decipiens, Lepisorus thunbergianus, Polypodium pellucidum, Leucobryum gracile, Pyrrhobryum spiniforme, and others. Overstory dominated by Schinus terebinthifolius, Psidium cattleianum, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Metrosideros polymorhpa, and other shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Thomas, M.K. 1006 Oahu BISH 2025-03-13
64 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kalulu, Kapano Gulch, Lower woods Preserved_Specimen Plants single not tufted. St.John, H. 18760 Lanai BISH 1938-04-10
65 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Maunalei Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 826 Lanai BISH 1930-02-11
66 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kaohai [sp?] Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 290 Lanai BISH 1914-01-01
67 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kau Desert, Kilauea Volcano Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12568 Hawaii BISH 1915-07-01
68 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Kona: Hanehane Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 171 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-15
69 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 14534 Hawaii BISH 1916-09-01
70 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii S Haleakala, Auwahi Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1972 Maui BISH 1920-03-15
71 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Manuka Park open Metrosideros forest on aa lava; dry Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1761 Hawaii BISH 1970-07-12
72 Cyperus hillebrandii var. hillebrandii Leilehua Plain Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. Oahu BISH 1912-01-01
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